波浪荷载作用下海上新型潜式浮式风力机运动特性研究

以适用于中等水深(50~200 m)的新型潜式浮式风力机为研究对象,该风力机基础综合Spar式、半潜式及张力腿(TLP)3类浮式风力机基础的优点,运行时基础主体淹没在水下,具有较小的水线面(如同Spar平台),受波浪影响较小;平台通过张紧式系泊线与海床相连(如同TLP平台),具有良好的垂荡和摇摆运动特性;拖航状态下,浮式平台处于半潜状态,水线面面积大(如同半潜式平台),具有良好的浮稳性。通过分析不同波况下的潜式浮式风力机耦合动力响应得到潜式浮式基础的横荡、纵荡、垂荡及纵摇运动响应,以及发电功率、叶片根部弯矩、塔筒顶部和底部弯矩、锚链张力时程曲线。研究结果表明:波浪对于结构的纵摇运动的影响最为明显,对发电功率、叶片根部弯矩和塔筒顶部弯矩影响较小,对塔筒底部弯矩和系泊线张力影响较大。     

煤矿薄煤层定向钻孔水害探查技术研究

从保德煤矿水文地质条件出发，研究了矿区奥灰水突水危险性，计算了8号煤层底板安全隔水层厚度和突水系数。采用薄煤层定向钻探工艺对保德煤矿81312工作面胶带运输巷道和81313工作面辅助运输巷道底板以下岩层及10号煤层进行水害及隐伏构造探查，探明了8号煤层底板岩层地质构造及富水性，形成了区域薄煤层定向钻孔水害探查方法。研究表明，利用定向钻孔的一孔多用功能超前预抽10号煤层瓦斯，可为矿区安全开采提供保障。     

响应曲面法优化选择性浸出铜阳极泥中砷锑的研究

在硫酸化焙烧脱硒步骤前采用酸性氯化浸出脱除铜阳极泥中砷和锑。采用中心组合设计优化脱除铜阳极泥中砷和锑的实验参数。以硫酸浓度、盐酸浓度和反应温度为变量，砷和锑浸出率为响应值，建立高显著性的二次多项式模型和三维响应曲面。建立高显著性的二次多项式模型和三维响应曲面，以反映变量与响应值之间的关系。得到的较优条件为硫酸2.8mol/L、盐酸1.0mol/L、温度90℃，此条件下砷锑浸出率响应值分别为99.10％和80.00％，实际值分别为99.60％和80.07％。通过实验验证了模型的较优优区域,结果表明这些模型是可靠和准确的。     

长周期扰动应力下盘区柱内巷道锚杆支护动态响应规律

长周期扰动应力下盘区柱内巷道稳定及盘区柱整体稳定是大规模开采的关注重点。采用数值模拟方法,构建了大规模、多中段、长周期强烈开采扰动下的数值模型,建立了锚杆支护的拉伸破断、剪切破断数值力学模型,研究了不同水平、不同阶段回采过程中盘区柱内巷道锚杆支护的受力特性和盘区柱围岩的应力和塑性区发展特征。研究结果表明:不同开采阶段不同开采水平的锚杆轴力和巷道顶板变形响应明显,锚杆剪力由于变形监测部位的限制响应程度甚微,盘区柱内巷道稳定性好。盘区柱内巷道围岩偏应力场与塑性区动态演化仅在前两个中段开采时反应强烈,大规模开采结束时盘区柱仍然能够保持正常稳定。分析方法及分析结果能够对盘区柱内巷道稳定及盘区柱整体稳定做出提前预判,为盘区柱的正常使用提供安全保障。     

全地域机动车驾驶室声学特性分析

以某全地域机动车驾驶室为研究对象,建立驾驶室的有限元模型,验证了有限元模型的有效性。以此有限元模型为基础构建驾驶室谐响应模型,进行谐响应分析,发现驾驶室后壁板的振动是引起驾驶室内部噪声的主要原因。研究驾驶室内部噪声特性,分别进行了声学空腔模态分析和声固耦合模态分析,发现声固耦合系统声压分布比较均匀,大部分呈现局部模态,主要原因可能是驾驶室后壁板的振动。通过驾驶员耳旁声压分析发现增加驾驶室后壁板的厚度,可以在一定程度内降低驾驶室内部噪声对驾驶员的影响,为同类驾驶室通过依靠结构改进来改善声场环境提供了案例依据。     

Mechanism of significantly enhanced piezoelectric performance and stability in textured potassium-sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics

In this study, the piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ and planar electromechanical coupling coefficient k_p were enhanced 145% and 71%, respectively for the <001>-textured (K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.95Li_0.05Nb_0.93Sb_0.07O₃ piezoelectric ceramics compared with their randomly oriented counterpart. Significantly enhanced piezoelectric response in textured ceramics is originated from a combined effect of the intrinsic high piezoelectric activity of <001>-oriented grains in the tetragonal-orthorhombic phases, and easy polarization rotation of fine domains. Furthermore, a comparative analysis suggests that <001>-textured ceramics exhibit good thermal stability, benefiting from the weakened depolarization behavior via crystal orientation. The superior fatigue resistance in textured ceramics can be attributed to the reduced clamping effect as low defect density. These results show that high-performance textured ceramics reported in this work will be promising candidates in the field of lead-free piezoelectric materials.     

Experimental research on dynamic response of PZT-5H under impact load

In order to improve the stability of PZT-based sensors, the mechanical, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT-5H under impact load were studied experimentally by using the separated Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) with an electrical output measurement device. At the same time, the experimental study on the material properties of PZT-5H before and after the impact was carried out. The effect of impact cracks on the output voltage of PZT-5H was also analyzed. The results show that the dynamic piezoelectric constants of PZT-5H under low stress impact (10–50 MPa) are different from those under quasi-static state, and the empirical relationship between them and the peak stress is obtained through experiments. The dielectric properties of PZT-5H did not change under low stress impact, but micro-cracks occurred in the material and dielectric loss increased at high frequencies. Under short circuit, the residual polarization intensity of PZT-5H decreases sharply due to impact load. While the impact load causes the secondary polarization and the increase of the residual polarization intensity of PZT under open circuit. When the stress is over 45 MPa, the PZT-5H breaks. The formation of cracks causes abnormal discharge voltage and gap discharge.     

The potential of energy flexibility of space heating and cooling in Portugal

This study assesses the potential of energy flexibility of space heating and cooling for a typical household under different geographical conditions in Portugal. The proposed approach modifies the demand through the optimization of the thermostat settings using a genetic algorithm to reduce either operational costs or interaction with the grid. The results show that the used energy flexibility indicator expresses the available potential and that flexibility depends on several factors, namely: i) thermal inertia of the archetypical household; ii) the time of use electricity tariffs; iii) users’ comfort boundaries; and iv) the geographical location of the houses.     

Risk-constrained probabilistic optimal scheduling of FCPP-CHP based energy hub considering demand-side resources

Renewable energy sources (RES) with sharing a large percentage of future energy generation capacities play an essential role in the decarbonization of the future electricity and thermal networks as well as transportation sectors. However, the uncertainties in their outputs make some difficulties in making operational decisions. Hydrogen energy plays a considerable role in this concept. Besides, energy hubs (EHs) provide an efficient and reliable framework for gathering multi-type energy carriers.This paper optimally schedules the operating of the EH and decreases the emission cost, considering the electrical and thermal demand response (DR) program in a probabilistic environment. Besides plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and a complete model of hydrogen-based renewable energy sources are presented in the EH. Taking into account uncertainties of electrical/thermal energy markets real-time prices, customers' energy demand, and energy production of RESs into account, various scenarios are generated using the Monte Carlo simulation technique. Next, an efficient method is used to reduce the number of the scenario to make the optimization problem computable and fast. In order to reduce the risk of encountering high operating costs, the conditional value at risk (CVaR) technique is used to manage the associated risk. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed method in decreasing the operational cost and managing the risk of encountering unfavorable states.